Instrucciones Básicas de Kali Linux

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Ya instalado y actualizado Kali Linux hasta el ultimo paso, podemos empezar a trabajar con él. Lo primero que hay que decir sobre el sistema operativo ya instalado y funcionando en que Kali es una distribución de Debian, por lo cual muchas de las órdenes de este sistema migran al OS que tratamos aquí. Es por esto, que la consola se centra principalmente en comandos de debian, los cuales podemos ver a continuación:

A

• apropos : Search Help manual pages (man -k)
• apt-get : Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu)
• aptitude : Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu)
• aspell : Spell Checker
• awk : Find and Replace text, database sort/validate/index

B

• basename : Strip directory and suffix from filenames
• bash : GNU Bourne-Again SHell
• bc : Arbitrary precision calculator language
• bg : Send to background
• break : Exit from a loop
• builtin : Run a shell builtin
• bzip2 : Compress or decompress named file(s)

C

• cal : Display a calendar
• case : Conditionally perform a command
• cat : Concatenate and print (display) the content of files
• cd : Change Directory
• cfdisk : Partition table manipulator for Linux
• chgrp : Change group ownership
• chmod : Change access permissions
• chown : Change file owner and group
• chroot : Run a command with a different root directory
• chkconfig : System services (runlevel)
• cksum : Print CRC checksum and byte counts
• clear : Clear terminal screen
• cmp : Compare two files
• comm : Compare two sorted files line by line
• command : Run a command – ignoring shell functions •
• continue : Resume the next iteration of a loop •
• cp : Copy one or more files to another location
• cron : Daemon to execute scheduled commands
• crontab : Schedule a command to run at a later time
• csplit : Split a file into context-determined pieces
• cut : Divide a file into several parts

D

• date : Display or change the date & time
• dc : Desk Calculator
• dd : Convert and copy a file, write disk headers, boot records
• ddrescue : Data recovery tool
• declare : Declare variables and give them attributes •
• df : Display free disk space
• diff : Display the differences between two files
• diff3 : Show differences among three files
• dig : DNS lookup
• dir : Briefly list directory contents
• dircolors : Colour setup for `ls’
• dirname : Convert a full pathname to just a path
• dirs : Display list of remembered directories
• dmesg : Print kernel & driver messages
• du : Estimate file space usage

E

• echo : Display message on screen •
• egrep : Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression
• eject : Eject removable media
• enable : Enable and disable builtin shell commands •
• env : Environment variables
• ethtool : Ethernet card settings
• eval : Evaluate several commands/arguments
• exec : Execute a command
• exit : Exit the shell
• expect : Automate arbitrary applications accessed over a terminal
• expand : Convert tabs to spaces
• export : Set an environment variable
• expr : Evaluate expressions

F

• false : Do nothing, unsuccessfully
• fdformat : Low-level format a floppy disk
• fdisk : Partition table manipulator for Linux
• fg : Send job to foreground
• fgrep : Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string
• file : Determine file type
• find : Search for files that meet a desired criteria
• fmt : Reformat paragraph text
• fold : Wrap text to fit a specified width.
• for : Expand words, and execute commands
• format : Format disks or tapes
• free : Display memory usage
• fsck : File system consistency check and repair
• ftp : File Transfer Protocol
• function : Define Function Macros
• fuser : Identify/kill the process that is accessing a file

G

• gawk : Find and Replace text within file(s)
• getopts : Parse positional parameters
• grep : Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern
• groupadd : Add a user security group
• groupdel : Delete a group
• groupmod : Modify a group
• groups : Print group names a user is in
• gzip : Compress or decompress named file(s)

H

• hash : Remember the full pathname of a name argument
• head : Output the first part of file(s)
• help : Display help for a built-in command
• history : Command History
• hostname : Print or set system name

I

• iconv : Convert the character set of a file
• id : Print user and group id’s
• if : Conditionally perform a command
• ifconfig : Configure a network interface
• ifdown : Stop a network interface
• ifup : Start a network interface up
• import : Capture an X server screen and save the image to file
• install : Copy files and set attributes

J

• jobs : List active jobs
• join : Join lines on a common field

K

• kill : Stop a process from running
• killall : Kill processes by name

L

• less : Display output one screen at a time
• let : Perform arithmetic on shell variables
• ln : Create a symbolic link to a file
• local : Create variables
• locate : Find files
• logname : Print current login name
• logout : Exit a login shell
• look : Display lines beginning with a given string
• lpc : Line printer control program
• lpr : Off line print
• lprint : Print a file
• lprintd : Abort a print job
• lprintq : List the print queue
• lprm : Remove jobs from the print queue
• ls : List information about file(s)
• lsof : List open files

M

• make : Recompile a group of programs
• man : Help manual
• mkdir : Create new folder(s)
• mkfifo : Make FIFOs (named pipes)
• mkisofs : Create an hybrid ISO9660/JOLIET/HFS filesystem
• mknod : Make block or character special files
• more : Display output one screen at a time
• mount : Mount a file system
• mtools : Manipulate MS-DOS files
• mtr : Network diagnostics (traceroute/ping)
• mv : Move or rename files or directories
• mmv : Mass Move and rename (files)

N

• netstat : Networking information
• nice Set : the priority of a command or job
• nl Number : lines and write files
• nohup : Run a command immune to hangups
• notify-send : Send desktop notifications
• nslookup : Query Internet name servers interactively

O

• open : Open a file in its default application
• op : Operator access

P

• passwd : Modify a user password
• paste : Merge lines of files
• pathchk : Check file name portability
• ping : Test a network connection
• pkill : Stop processes from running
• popd : Restore the previous value of the current directory
• pr : Prepare files for printing
• printcap : Printer capability database
• printenv : Print environment variables
• printf : Format and print data •
• ps : Process status
• pushd : Save and then change the current directory
• pwd : Print Working Directory

Q

• quota : Display disk usage and limits
• quotacheck : Scan a file system for disk usage
• quotactl : Set disk quotas

R

• ram : ram disk device
• rcp : Copy files between two machines
• read : Read a line from standard input
• readarray : Read from stdin into an array variable
• readonly : Mark variables/functions as readonly
• reboot : Reboot the system
• rename : Rename files
• renice : Alter priority of running processes
• remsync : Synchronize remote files via email
• return : Exit a shell function
• rev : Reverse lines of a file
• rm : Remove files
• rmdir : Remove folder(s)
• rsync : Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)

S

• screen : Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh
• scp : Secure copy (remote file copy)
• sdiff : Merge two files interactively
• sed : Stream Editor
• select : Accept keyboard input
• seq : Print numeric sequences
• set: Manipulate shell variables and functions
• sftp : Secure File Transfer Program
• shift : Shift positional parameters
• shopt : Shell Options
• shutdown : Shutdown or restart linux
• sleep : Delay for a specified time
• slocate : Find files
• sort : Sort text files
• source : Run commands from a file `.’
• split : Split a file into fixed-size pieces
• ssh : Secure Shell client (remote login program)
• strace : Trace system calls and signals
• su : Substitute user identity
• sudo : Execute a command as another user
• sum : Print a checksum for a file
• suspend : Suspend execution of this shell
• symlink : Make a new name for a file
• sync : Synchronize data on disk with memory

T

• tail : Output the last part of file
• tar : Tape ARchiver
• tee : Redirect output to multiple files
• test : Evaluate a conditional expression
• time : Measure Program running time
• times : User and system times
• touch : Change file timestamps
• top : List processes running on the system
• traceroute : Trace Route to Host
• trap : Run a command when a signal is set(bourne)
• tr : Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters
• true : Do nothing, successfully
• tsort : Topological sort
• tty : Print filename of terminal on stdin
• type : Describe a command

U

• ulimit : Limit user resources
• umask : Users file creation mask
• umount : Unmount a device
• unalias : Remove an alias
• uname : Print system information
• unexpand : Convert spaces to tabs
• uniq : Uniquify files
• units : Convert units from one scale to another
• unset : Remove variable or function names
• unshar : Unpack shell archive scripts
• until : Execute commands (until error)
• uptime : Show uptime
• useradd : Create new user account
• userdel : Delete a user account
• usermod : Modify user account
• users : List users currently logged in
• uuencode : Encode a binary file
• uudecode : Decode a file created by uuencode

V

• v : Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b’)
• vdir : Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b’)
• vi : Text Editor
• vmstat : Report virtual memory statistics

W

• wait : Wait for a process to complete
• watch : Execute/display a program periodically
• wc : Print byte, word, and line counts
• whereis : Search the user’s $path, man pages and source files for a program
• which : Search the user’s $path for a program file
• while : Execute commands
• who : Print all usernames currently logged in
• whoami : Print the current user id and name (`id -un’)
• wget : Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP
• write : Send a message to another user

x

• xargs : Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s)
• xdg-open : Open a file or URL in the user’s preferred application.

Las siguientes instrucciones también deben tenerse en cuenta y  son las mas utilizadas en el sistema operativo. Deben tenerse en cuenta porque en algun momento han de ser necesarias y siempre es buena opción y as bajo la manga el tener un resumen del resumen a mano. Estos son los comandos mas básicos que debes aprender DE MEMORIA si quieres llegar a ser un cyberpunk iluminado.

cd: Changing The Working Directory
cp: Copy Files Or Directory 
rm: Remove Files And Directory 
ls: List Of Directory Contents 
mkdir: Make Directory 
cat: Concatenate Files And Print On Standard Output 
mv: Move Files 
chmod: Change Files Permissions Know Your System 
uname: Print System Information 
who: Show Who Is Logged On 
cal: Displays Calculator 
date: Print System Date And Time 
df: Report File System Disk Space Usage 
du: Estimate File Space Usage 
ps: Displays Information Of Current Active Processes 
kill: Allows To Kills Process 
clear :  Clear The Terminal Screen 
cat /proc/cpuinfo: Cpuinfo Display CPU Information 
cat /proc/meminfo: Display Memory Information Compression 
tar: Store and Extract Files From An Archive File 
gzip: Compress Or Decompress Named Files Network 
ifconfig: To Config Network Interface 
ping : Check Other System are reachable from The Host System 
wget: Download Files From Network 
ssh: Remote Login Program 
ftp: Download/Upload Files From/To Remote System 
last: Displays List Of Last Logged In User 
telnet: Used To Communicate With Another Host Using THe Telnet Protocol Searching Files 
grep: Search Files(s) For Specific Text find Search For Files In A Directory Hierarchy 
locate: Find Files By Name